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Helminths (including anthelmintic resistance) roadmap:
Therapeutics

Roadmap for development of therapeutics for helminths

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2

Clinical testing
  • AEfficacy
  • BQuality
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Therapeutics
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    Risk assessment methodologies
    • ATarget animal
    • BUser
    • CResidues
    • DEnvironmental
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    Therapeutics
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      Minimum Viable Product Profile
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        Clinical testing
        • AEfficacy
        • BQuality
        "] 22326["

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        Minimum Viable Product Profile
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          3

          Risk assessment methodologies
          • ATarget animal
          • BUser
          • CResidues
          • DEnvironmental
          "] 22327["

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          Pharmacology"] --> 22326["

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          Minimum Viable Product Profile
            "] 22328["

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            Repurposing of medicines
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              Pharmacology"] 22329["

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              Alternatives to animal testing"] --> 22312["

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              Clinical testing
              • AEfficacy
              • BQuality
              "] 22329["

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              Alternatives to animal testing"] --> 22325["

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              Risk assessment methodologies
              • ATarget animal
              • BUser
              • CResidues
              • DEnvironmental
              "] 22329["

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              Alternatives to animal testing"] --> 22327["

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              Pharmacology"] 22329["

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              Alternatives to animal testing"] --> 22330["

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              Animal models
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                Animal models
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                  Pharmacology"] 22331["

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                  Mode of action/Resistance
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                    Pharmacology"] 22331["

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                    Mode of action/Resistance
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                      Target Identification
                      • APhenotypic
                      • BMechanism-based
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                      Mode of action/Resistance
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                        Test for drug resistance
                        • AClinical
                        • BGenetic
                        "] 22333["

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                        Target Identification
                        • APhenotypic
                        • BMechanism-based
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                        Animal models
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                          Target Identification
                          • APhenotypic
                          • BMechanism-based
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                          Mode of action/Resistance
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                            Compound libraries
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                              Target Identification
                              • APhenotypic
                              • BMechanism-based
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                              Host pathogen interactions
                              • AEntry
                              • BReplication
                              • CSurvival
                              • DCoinfection
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                              Target Identification
                              • APhenotypic
                              • BMechanism-based
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                              Pathogen physiology/biochemistry
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                                Host pathogen interactions
                                • AEntry
                                • BReplication
                                • CSurvival
                                • DCoinfection
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                                Lead Summary Challenges and gap analysis
                                1 Therapeutics Improved therapeutic response against helminth parasites in ruminants
                                2B Quality
                                2A Efficacy
                                2 Clinical testing Clinical efficacy, quality and safety assessments for a novel API with anthelmintic activity
                                3D Environmental
                                3C Residues
                                3B User
                                3A Target animal
                                3 Risk assessment methodologies
                                4 Minimum Viable Product Profile
                                5D Formulation delivery routes Pharmacology: Formulation, delivery routes
                                5C Combination of drugs/API Pharmacology: Combination of drugs/API
                                5B PK/PD integration Pharmacology: PK/PD integration
                                5A Drug design Pharmacological basis to design a novel anthelmintic molecule
                                5 Pharmacology
                                6 Repurposing of medicines Drug repurposing
                                7C Refine
                                7B Reduce Alternative to Animal Testing – Reduce, Refine
                                7A Replace Alternative to Animal Testing - Replace
                                7 Alternatives to animal testing
                                8 Animal models Animal models
                                9 Mode of action/Resistance Mode of action/Resistance
                                10B Genetic
                                10A Clinical
                                10 Test for drug resistance Detection of drug resistance: clinical and genetic tests
                                11B Mechanism-based
                                11A Phenotypic
                                11 Target Identification Target Identification
                                12 Compound libraries Compound libraries
                                13D Coinfection
                                13C Survival
                                13B Replication
                                13A Entry
                                13 Host pathogen interactions How do host and parasites interact?: Entry, survival and co-infection
                                14 Pathogen physiology/biochemistry Further knowledge on parasite physiology/biochemistry