Research roadmap for contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) vaccine development

Challenge model

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Challenge model

Research Question

Accelerate vaccine R&D by developing a laboratory-based infection model in cattle to reproduce CBPP.

The incubation period for naturally infected animals ranges from 3 weeks to 6 months with clinical manifestations ranging from hyperacute through acute, subacute and persistence of chronic forms after the clinical phase.
Cattle breed and age influence immunity and huge differences can occur between individuals in response to infection.
Lack of in vitro diagnostic tests that correlate with immunity.

Develop community agreed minimum and optimal standards and methods to measure vaccine efficacy.
Develop vaccine TPPs to prioritize and guide vaccine R&D for laboratory and field challenge.

Intubation – successfully infects 50% of the inoculated animals. Failure is that large numbers of cattle are needed, and the method does not reproduce disease as in the field.
Nebulizer – has been used with cattle but the method still needs improvement.
Laboratory mice – disease produced is systemic without lung lesions and does not serve the intended purpose
The disease is mainly localized in the lungs, where it causes a highly characteristic “marbling” of the lungs in the acute stages and lesions known as a “sequestra” that contain Mmm in the chronic form of CBPP.
Mmm is transmitted by close and repeated contact between animals within 50m.
The immune response to experimental infection differs significantly when challenged by different routes such as intubation or by contact.