Roadmap for the development of disease control strategies for influenza

Knowledge on patterns of host susceptibility

• Understanding patterns of host susceptibility based on molecular markers and on host ecology
• Molecular determinants of viral adaptation/restriction to different species/tissues
• Determinants of host adaptation beyond the HA and NA proteins
• Mechanisms of intra-host virus evolution

• Increasing understanding of potential reservoir species at the human/animal interface
• Investigate what are the main species involved in maintaining the virus in wild bird metapopulation, particularly for HPAI clade 2.3.4.4b
• To grow knowledge beyond the polybasic cleavage site on HA
• Identify determinants of virus shedding in respiratory and / or digestive tracts
• Do species behave differently to the virus in different geographies?
• And production systems? Are there environmental factors? And stress
  factors?
• Understanding transmissibility in ostriches/ducks and the resistance to
  highly pathogenic viruses resulting in potential transmission to wild birds due to farming practices

• Surveillance in locations where multiple species are exposed to influenza A viruses.

• Infection in Spain in minks, nice work about change in genome and danger for humans