Roadmap for the development of diagnostic test for influenza

• Define duration and valence (“how protective is it?”) of immunity following
  – Natural infection
  – Vaccination
  – After multiple exposures

Define assays that help to evaluate the valence (protectivity) of immunity after multi exposures or multi immunizations

• Conduct longitudinal studies in naturally infected and vaccinated avian species
• Determine the efficacy of natural and vaccinal immunity by virus exposure (challenge studies)
• Maternal antibody interpretation, efficacy

• Challenge studies
• Availability of field viruses
• Facilities to challenge various ages of animals
• Establish standardized challenge protocols that take into account harmonized calculation of Ro